A full account backup is designed to package the broader cPanel account, while a partial backup focuses on a specific component.
Full backup
Use a full backup when you want a broad archive of account data for safekeeping, migration, or server-level account restoration. cPanel creates a compressed .tar.gz archive.
Partial backup
Use partial backups when you only need a home-directory archive, one database, email forwarder configuration, or global email filter configuration. These partial backup types can be restored through cPanel.
For many recovery situations, a partial backup is easier and safer because it limits the amount of data being changed during restoration.