Current cPanel documentation states that a Home Directory backup includes files the account owns and files the account can access. This includes website files under locations such as public_html and email data stored for domains on the account.
Files that the account does not own and cannot access are not included.
Remember that a Home Directory backup is broad. Restoring the whole archive can affect more than one website directory, so use a narrower file-restoration method when only one file or folder needs to be recovered.